Casting apparatus



Aug. 15, 1939. A. H. JUNG 2,169,885

; CASTING APPARATUS v Filed June 25, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H fllllflnlll iiiiiiiflilii a??? I WIHIM 3 $2 mars Wang Aug. 15, 1939. JUNG2,169,885

CASTING APPARATUS Filed June 25, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 a Patented Aug.15, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT or ies CASTING APPARATUS Application June25, 1938, Serial No. 215,909

7 Claims.

This invention relates to casting apparatus and more particularly to acasting apparatus wherein means is provided for ejecting the materialcast from the apparatus.

Prior to my invention various arrangements have been proposed to effectejection of ingots from molds which have been costly to produce, shortlived, and generally ineificient and unsatisfactory' For example, it hasbeen proposed that molds including ejection apparatus be provided withcam means for effecting motion of such ejection apparatus. Thesearrangements have generally been short lived, requiring much service andattention, and found to be unsatisfactory for designs including camoperated ejection -mechanism, inevitably involve the setting up ofstresses along lines at variance with the movement of the ejectorelements in the mechanism which stresses make for excessive wear and ifthe apparatus incorporating such design is to last a reasonable time theparts of same must be fabricated of relatively heavy material which iscostly.

Various other ejector mechanism have been proposed which have been foundWanting for other reasons including unsatisfactory operation in that thematerial cast was not always ejected properly unless a relatively greatamount of force was exerted by the operator or operating motor whichforce after repeated operation of the machine, soon wrecked the same 'orthe machine had of necessity to be made of excessively strong parts toresist the effects of these relatively greatforc'es, which resulted inan expensive design.

It is'an object of this invention to provide a mold mechanism includingejection apparatus of simple, inexpensive, though rugged design. It is afurther object of the invention to provide a mold mechanism includingejection apparatus of the typeinvolving a minimum of stresses, resultingin lightness of parts, and the property of being long lived.

Other objects and the nature and advantages of the invention will beapparent from the following description taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of my mold apparatus with the front coverplate removed in cluding ejection mechanism;

Fig.2 is a fragmentary view in elevation with the ejector mechanism in adifferent position from that shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of the apparatus with the frontcoverplate in place; and,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4'4 of Fig. 3 looking inthe direction of the arrows.

Referring to the drawings, a back geared reversible motor i isassociated in driving relation with the pulley H through the gear box i2whereby rotation of the pulley l3 may be effected through the medium ofV-belt l4. Directly connected to the pulley I3 is the shaft l5 having aseries of left hand screw threads i6 and a series of right hand screwthreads ll, respectively, formed thereon. The shaft l5 may. be suitablysupported by the frame l8 carrying ball bearings l9 and 20,respectively, which tend to reduce frictional losses and within whichthe said shaft l5 rotates.

Fixed to the frame l8 at each end are the elements 2| to which arepivotally secured at 22 the links 23. Pivotally secured to the oppositeends 24 of the links 23 are the bars 25 which are further pivotallysecured at their respective ends 26 to the nut like elements 21 and 28,respectively, which are internally threaded to correspond with the lefthand screw threads !6 and. the right hand screw threads I1,respectively. The opposite ends of the links 25 are pivotally secured bypins 29 to the ejector bar assembly which may comprise channel member 36of a section of high radius gyration, ejector pins 3!, and mechanism 32performing the dual function. of securing the pins 3! to the channelmember and providing for adjustment of position of the pins with respectto the channel member. Secured to the upper portion of the frame !8, amold proper 33 may comprise a series of cavities 34 having bores 35formed therein through which the ejector pins 3! are adapted to pass andoperate to loosen and eject castings therefrom.

Secured to the angle iron 36 of the frame l8 7 may be a pair of switchmechanisms 31 and 38- which are normally urged to closed circuitposition but which are adapted to be operated to break the motor circuitand cause cessation of operation of the motor Ill by physical contact ofthe extending portion 39 of the nut like element 27 with the operatinglevers 40 and 4| of the switches 31 and 38, respectively.

The nut like elements 21 and 28 may be provided with adjustable stopcontact nuts 42 to prevent injury to the machine should the switch 38fail to operate or for any other reason. To insure that the mold proper33 be held in level position, which is essential to the casting process,level adjusting means 43 may be associated with the frame H3 at thelower four corners thereof.

A manually operated multiple switch S is provided on the frame l8 at alocation convenient to the operator of the machine by means of whichinitiation of the operation of the motor In may be effected, after themold 33 has been filled with the material to be cast, and after thematerial has sufficiently solidified, whereby the link 25 will take theposition illustrated in Fig. 2, the shaft l being rotated effectingaxial movement of the nut like element 21 in a direction tending toeffect vertical straightening out of the said link 25, whereby the pin29 always re mains directly above the pivot 22, though at increasingelevation, to effect movement of the ejector pins 3| to their upperposition as illustrated in Fig. 2. Further movement of the pins 3| isprevented by movement of the operating lever 40 associated with theswitch 3'! which effects opening of the said circuit. The castingshaving been ejected from the cavities of the mold 33, the operator maythen effect such movement of the switch S to close the circuit to themotor in a manner whereby rotation of the operating motor It] in theopposite direction is effected and the nut like elements 21 and 28 willmove toward each other, bringing the pins 29 closer to the pivots 22 andthe ejector pins 3| withdrawn to the position illustrated in Fig. l. Themotor H], as has already been explained, is of the reversible type andits circuits are so associated with the multiple switch S as to effectrotation of the motor I!) in one direction when the switch S is in oneposition and opposite rotation thereof when the switch is in a secondposition. Further movement of the ejector pins 3| will be prevented bythe opening of the circuit to the motor If! by physical contact of theextension 39 of the nut like element 27 with the operating lever 4| ofthe switch 38 which will open the said circuit. The switch 3'! is inthat circuit of the motor Ill which effects its rotation in a directionto cause the ejector pins to move upwardly, and the switch 38 is in thatcircuit of the motor Ill which effects its rotation in a direction tocause lowering of the ejector pins. Both the levers 40 and 4| associatedwith the switch 31 and 38 respectively, are of the type that return totheir normal closed position when the motor-like element 2'! is not inengagement therewith. The switch S being a multiple switch, one of itselements is in series with switch 3'2 and another in series with switch38. The switch 31 and 38 are normally closed, but may be openedautomatically by the nut-like element 2?, whereas the switch S isillustrated as being manually operated. The cycle may again be repeatedafter the mold 33 has been filled with molten material and suflicienttime elapsed for its solidification.

Referring to Fig. 3, the frame It! may comprise a pair of channelsection legs 44, Z section corner members 45, cross pieces 56 associatedwith said corner members and adapted to be fabricated of a fiat sheet bybeing slit at 4'! whereby the portion 48 may be bent upwardly at rightangles to the portion 49. A cover plate 5% is adapted to cover the sidesof the frame and is held in place by bolts 5!. Cover plates 52 may besecured to the respective ends of the frame as illustrated in Fig. 3 topermit exposure of the working parts.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, a series of four angle irons 53 supported oncross members 54 are adapted to support the H beam 55 which extends fromone end of the frame !8 to the other and which forms a base for thetoggle mechanism already described which effects operation of theejector pins to lift the solidified castings from the molds whendesired.

While the shaft I5 is illustrated in Fig. 1 as being motivated by a beltdriven mechanism, it is to be understood that it is within the scope ofmy invention that the said motor be directly connected to the said shaftl5 and a mounting may be so associated with the frame [8 as to supportthe motor in that position if such arrangement is preferred. It isfurther to be understood that conventional sprocket wheels, not shown,may be substituted for the pulleys l l and I3 and a roller chainsubstituted for the belt I4, without deviating from my invention.

In order to insure rapid cooling of the mold proper 33, water pipeconnections W and W may be associated therewith whereby cooling Watermay be circulated through the jacket incorporated in the mold proper 33as shown, see Figs. 1 and 3.

It will be seen from the above that the invention comprises a mechanisminexpensive to manufacture and capable of effecting desired results withthe operating parts so arranged as to set up a minimum of undesiredstresses and to effect positive ejection of the castings from the moldin the manner and when desired.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes maybe made in this device without departing from the spirit of theinvention and therefore the invention is not limited to what is shown inthe drawings and described in the specification but only as indicated inthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. A casting apparatus including a mold and means for ejecting castingsfrom said mold including an ejector clement, means for imparting toggleaction leverage to said element comprising a toggle mechanism, motormeans for effecting operation of said toggle mechanism, manual controlmeans for forward operation of said motor means, means responsive to apredetermined position of said toggle mechanism for effecting cessationof operation of said motor means, manual control means for effectingreverse operation of said motor means, and means responsive to anotherpredetermined position of said toggle mechanism for again effectingcessation of operation of said motor means.

2. A casting apparatus including a mold, a frame for supporting saidmold, means for ejecting castings from said mold comprising a togglemechanism, said toggle mechanism including a driven shaft, a riderassociated with said shaft, said rider and said shaft each having formedthereon corresponding screw threads, a linkage arrangement pivotallyassociated with said rider and with said frame to effect straight linemovement with toggle action leverage of a portion of said linkage, anejector pin associated with said portion and with said mold, all of saidejector means being supported by said frame and therewithin, a motorarranged to drive said shaft, manual control means for forward operationof said motor, means responsive to a predetermined position of saidejector means for effecting cessation of operation of said motor, manualcontrol means for effecting reverse operation of said motor, and meansresponsive to another predetermined position of said ejector means foragain effecting cessation of operation of said motor means,

3. A casting apparatus including a mold, a frame for supporting saidmold, an ejector mechanism associated with said mold and secured Withinand supported by said frame, said mechanism comprising a rotatable shafthaving a section formed with left hand screwlthreads and a sectionformed with right hand screvv'threads,

means for rotating said shaft, a rider associated with said left handthreads, a second rider associated with said right hand threads, anejector bar, an ejector pin associated with said mold and secured tosaid bar in adjustable relation, thereto, a first linkage arrangementpivotally associated with said bar, said frame, and said first rider, asecond linkage arrangement pivotally associated with said bar, saidframe, and said second rider in a manner whereby a portion of eachlinkage arrangement which is pivotally associated with said bar isadapted to be limited to straight line movement.

4. A casting apparatus including a mold, said mold comprising aplurality of cavities, means for ejecting a casting from each of saidcavities including an ejector pin, means for supporting said pincomprising a bar having a section of high radius of gyration, a linkagemechanism associated with said bar, a portion of which is adapted to belimited to straight line motion, said portion being pivotally secured tosaid bar, motor means for effecting operation of said linkage arportionof the other, a threaded rider in slidable engagement with said threadedshaft, one of said links being pivotally secured at one of its ends tosaid rider, the other of said links being pivotally secured at one ofits ends to said frame, the sizes of the respective links and thepositioning of the common pivot of the links being cooperatively relatedto effect movement of the free end of one of said links in a straightline in proportion to the motion of the rider, an ejector bar pivotallysecured to the said free link end, said ejector bar being of a sectionhaving a high radius of gyraticn, an ejector pin secured to said ejectorbar, and means for freely rotating said shaft and effecting movement ofsaid ejector pin indirectly through the toggle mechanism. 4 7

6. A casting apparatus including a stationary mold, a rigid frame forsupporting said mold in a horizontal position, means for ejectingcastings from said mold including a plurality of ejector pins, means formoving said ejector pins including a toggle mechanism directlyassociated therewith and operative to continuously apply toggle leverageto said ejector pins, said toggle mechanism comprising a driving end anda driven end, said toggle mechanism including a relatively large linkand a relatively small link, a first end of said small link beingpivotally connected midway between the extremities of said large link,one end of said large link being drivingly associated with the ejectorpins, the second end of said small link being pivotally connected to amotor means, the size of said small link corresponding to the distancebetween the common pivotal connection between the two links and eitherof the extremities of the large link whereby the horizontal straightline motion of said motor means will effect vertical straight linemotion of said toggle.

7. In a casting apparatus,,a relatively heavy mold, relatively lightejector means, said relatively heavy mold being stationary, saidrelatively light ejector means being movable, single toggle means formoving said ejector means through a portion of said mold, said singletoggle means being characterized by a driving end and a driven end,means for effecting movement of said driven end, said toggle means beingfurther characterized by its capacity for effecting independentstraight-line movement of its driven end, whereby castings may beejected from said relatively heavy mold by relatively unguided andindependent light mechanism.

ALBERT HENRY J UN G.

